Chapter 46: Britain First

187      approached MP Jo Cox . . .  Ian Cobain and Matthew Taylor, “Far-Right Terrorist Thomas Mair Jailed for Life for Jo Cox Murder,” The Guardian, November 23, 2016, www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-found-guilty-of-jo-cox-murder.

187      had published a pro-Remain piece . . . Mair read it and kept it “Jo Cox Trial: The Hidden Extremist Views of Murderer Thomas Mair,” Yorkshire Post, November 23, 2016, www.yorkshirepost.co.uk/news/jo-cox-trial-the-hidden-extremist-views-of-murderer-thomas-mair-760124.

187      golden Nazi eagle, a swastika . . . and a newspaper clipping about . . .  Ian Cobain, “Jo Cox Murder Suspect Collected Far-Right Books, Court Hears,” The Guardian, November 21, 2016, www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/21/jo-cox-suspect-collected-far-right-books-court-hears.

187      read about Dylann Roof, the Ku Klux Klan, and notable Jewish people  Cobain and Taylor, “Far-Right Terrorist Thomas Mair Jailed for Life for Jo Cox Murder," www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-found-guilty-of-jo-cox-murder; and Cobain, “Jo Cox Murder Suspect Collected Far-Right Books, Court Hears,” www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/21/jo-cox-suspect-collected-far-right-books-court-hears.

187      manuals on how to build homemade bombs and pistols, as well as . . . Ich Kämpfe Ian Cobain et al.  “The Slow-Burning Hatred That Led Thomas Mair to Murder Jo Cox,” The Guardian, November 23, 2016, www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-slow-burning-hatred-led-to-jo-cox-murder.

187      had purchased at least $620 worth of objects from the National Alliance  Cobain et al., “The Slow-Burning Hatred That Led Thomas Mair to Murder Jo Cox,” www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-slow-burning-hatred-led-to-jo-cox-murder.

187      published The Turner Diaries  Barry J. Balleck, Modern American Extremism and Domestic Terrorism: An Encyclopedia of Extremists and Extremist Groups (Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, 2018), 366. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1029088357.

187      White “race traitors” and all peoples of color Andrew Macdonald, The Turner Diaries (New York: Barricade Books, 1996), 209. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/34783474.

187      “a combination of chemical, biological, and radiological means”  Macdonald, The Turner Diaries, 210. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/34783474.

187      “it was in the year 1999, according to the chronology of the Old Era . . .”  Macdonald, The Turner Diaries, 210. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/34783474.

188      provoke Timothy McVeigh to bomb a federal building  Balleck, Modern American Extremism and Domestic Terrorism, 366. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1029088357.

188      shot Cox twice in the head and once in the chest  Cobain and Taylor, “Far-Right Terrorist Thomas Mair Jailed for Life for Jo Cox Murder,” www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-found-guilty-of-jo-cox-murder.

188      stabbed her fifteen times  Cobain and Taylor, “Far-Right Terrorist Thomas Mair Jailed for Life for Jo Cox Murder,” www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-found-guilty-of-jo-cox-murder.

188      “This is for Britain!” and “Britain first!” and “Keep Britain independent!”  Thomas Mair quoted in Cobain and Taylor, “Far-Right Terrorist Thomas Mair Jailed for Life for Jo Cox Murder,” www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-found-guilty-of-jo-cox-murder.

188      died on the way to the hospital  Cobain and Taylor, “Far-Right Terrorist Thomas Mair Jailed for Life for Jo Cox Murder,” www.theguardian.com/uk-news/2016/nov/23/thomas-mair-found-guilty-of-jo-cox-murder.

188      predicted British voters would elect to remain  Uptin Saiidi, “Here’s Why The Majority of Brexit Polls Were Wrong,” CNBC, July 4, 2016, www.cnbc.com/2016/07/04/why-the-majority-of-brexit-polls-were-wrong.html.

188      51.9 percent of Britons voted to leave the European Union  Harold D. Clarke et al., Brexit: Why Britain Voted to Leave the European Union (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2017), 4. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/971531188.

188      the highest turnout since the 1992 general election  Clarke et al., Brexit, 1. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/971531188.

188      “was personally much saddened by Brexit . . .”  Emphasis Camus’s. Renaud Camus, You Will Not Replace Us!, (Plieux, France: Renaud Camus, 2018,), 171. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1091051149.

188      “Now we need to have the same referendum . . .”  Marine Le Pen quoted in “Brexit: World Reaction as UK Votes to Leave EU,” BBC News, June 24, 2016, www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36614643.

188      “Hurrah for the British! Now it is our turn”  Geert Wilders quoted in “Brexit: World Reaction as UK Votes to Leave EU,” www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-eu-referendum-36614643.

188      “their right decision to exit the European Union”  Vladimir V. Zhirinovsky quoted in Ivan Nechepurenko and Neil MacFarquhar, “Despite Russia’s Somber Facade, Glimpses of Joy Over E.U. Referendum,” New York Times, June 24, 2016,
www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/world/europe/russia-eu-vote.html.

188      “great victory”  Donald Trump quoted in Ewen MacAskill, “Donald Trump Arrives in UK and Hails Brexit Vote as ‘Great Victory,’ The Guardian, June 24, 2016, www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jun/24/donald-trump-hails-eu-referendum-result-as-he-arrives-in-uk.

188      “People want to take their country back . . .”  Trump quoted in MacAskill, “Donald Trump Arrives in UK and Hails Brexit Vote as ‘Great Victory,’” www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jun/24/donald-trump-hails-eu-referendum-result-as-he-arrives-in-uk.

188      “You see it all over Europe and many other cases . . .”  Trump quoted in MacAskill, “Donald Trump Arrives in UK and Hails Brexit Vote as ‘Great Victory,’” www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jun/24/donald-trump-hails-eu-referendum-result-as-he-arrives-in-uk.

188      founded the Eurosceptic Ellinikí Lýsi (Greek Solution) “Small Euroskeptic, Far-Right Greek Solution Party May Squeeze into Euro Parliament,”   Kathimerini, May 26, 2019, www.ekathimerini.com/news/240887/small-euroskeptic-far-right-greek-solution-party-may-squeeze-into-euro-parliament.

188–189 secured the most seats of any party  International Foundation for Electoral Systems (IFES) Election Guide, “Peruvian Congress of the Republic 2016 General,” April 10, 2016, last updated June 21, 2024, accessed January 21, 2025, www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2679.

188–189 amassed a whopping fifteen seats  IFES Election Guide, “Slovakian National Council 2016 General,” March 15, 2016, last updated June 21, 2024, accessed January 21, 2025, www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2717.

188–189           winning zero in 2012  IFES Election Guide, “Slovakian National Council 2012 General,” March 10, 2012, last updated June 21, 2024, accessed January 21, 2025, www.electionguide.org/elections/id/1622.

189      scored its best ever performance  “Austrian Far-Right Freedom Party Dogged by Nazi Past,” France 24, September 25, 2019, www.france24.com/en/20190925-austrian-far-right-freedom-party-dogged-by-nazi-past.

189      more votes . . . than any other presidential candidate  IFES Election Guide, “Austrian Presidency 2016 General,” April 24, 2016, last updated June 21, 2024, accessed January 21, 2025, www.electionguide.org/elections/id/2478.

189      founded Austria’s Freedom Party in 1956  Jane Mcintosh, “Austria’s FPÖ: A Turbulent History,” Deutsche Welle (DW), May 19, 2019, www.dw.com/en/austrias-fp%C3%B6-freedom-party-a-turbulent-history/a-48789817; and “Far-Right Freedom Party Dogged by Nazi Past,” www.france24.com/en/20190925-austrian-far-right-freedom-party-dogged-by-nazi-past.

189      the party’s first leader  Margit Reiter, “National Socialism in Austria Before and After 1945: Nazi Minister Anton Reinthaller and the Origins of the Austrian Freedom Party,” trans. Sinéad Crowe, German Yearbook of Contemporary History 5 (2021), muse.jhu.edu/pub/17/article/804868.

189      served as both an SS officer and a minister of agriculture  Mcintosh, “Austria’s FPÖ: A Turbulent History," www.dw.com/en/austrias-fp%C3%B6-freedom-party-a-turbulent-history/a-48789817; and Peter Conradi, “Austrian Government Collapses After Far-Right Deputy PM Caught in ‘Illegal Russian Runds’ Sting,” Times, May 19, 2019, www.thetimes.com/uk/article/austrian-government-collapses-after-far-right-leaders-caught-in-illegal-russian-funds-sting-8h8mm9h2t.

189      another former SS officer . . . and presided over the party through the 1960s and 1970s  Mcintosh, “Austria’s FPÖ: A Turbulent History,” www.dw.com/en/austrias-fp%C3%B6-freedom-party-a-turbulent-history/a-48789817.

189      “the refugee crisis and the government’s decision . . .”  Farid Hafez et al., “The New Right: Austria’s Freedom Party and Changing Perceptions of Islam,” Brookings Institution, July 24, 2019, www.brookings.edu/articles/the-new-right-austrias-freedom-party-and-changing-perceptions-of-islam.

189      “the series of Islamist terror attacks in several . . .”  Hafez, et al., “The New Right: Austria’s Freedom Party and Changing Perceptions of Islam,” www.brookings.edu/articles/the-new-right-austrias-freedom-party-and-changing-perceptions-of-islam.

189      56 percent of Austrian respondents told surveyors . . .  Hafez et al., “The New Right: Austria’s Freedom Party and Changing Perceptions of Islam,” www.brookings.edu/articles/the-new-right-austrias-freedom-party-and-changing-perceptions-of-islam.

189      FPÖ’s popularity surged in the polls Hafez et al., “The New Right: Austria’s Freedom Party and Changing Perceptions of Islam,” www.brookings.edu/articles/the-new-right-austrias-freedom-party-and-changing-perceptions-of-islam.

189      created a coalition government with the . . . Austrian People’s Party  “Austria Protest as Far Right Freedom Party Tastes Power,” BBC News, December 18, 2017, www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-42396078.

189      After Brexit, Cameron resigned  Heather Stewart, Rowena Mason and Rajeev Syal, “David Cameron Resigns After UK Votes to Leave European Union,” The Guardian, June 24, 2016, www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jun/24/david-cameron-resigns-after-uk-votes-to-leave-european-union.

189      Farage resigned  Rowena Mason, Robert Booth and Amelia Gentleman, “Nigel Farage Resigns as Ukip Leader After ‘Achieving Political Ambition’ of Brexit,” The Guardian, July 4, 2016, www.theguardian.com/politics/2016/jul/04/nigel-farage-resigns-as-ukip-leader.

189      May succeeded Cameron  “PM-in-Waiting Theresa May Promises ‘A Better Britain,’” BBC News, July 11, 2016, www.bbc.com/news/uk-politics-36768148.