Chapter 25: Race War

111        “‘Race war instead of class war’ . . .”  Magnus Hirschfeld, Racism, trans. Eden Paul and Cedar Paul (London: Victor Gollancz Ltd., 1938, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/35/mode/2up, 35.

111        “We must admit that the exponents . . .”  Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/35/mode/2up, 35.

111        history of hierarchical ideas of biologically distinct races  Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/51/mode/2up, 51–54.

111        defined racism as the pseudoscientific doctrine . . .  Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/255/mode/2up, 256–265. Laurie Marhoefer, Racism and the Making of Gay Rights: A Sexologist, His Student, and the Empire of Queer Love (Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2022), 93. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1289927657.

111        what I call segregationist ideas  See   Ibram X. Kendi, How to Be an Antiracist, rev. ed. (New York: One World, 2023), 37–39. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1371058747. See also Ibram X. Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning: The Definitive History of Racist Ideas in America, rev. ed. (New York: Bold Type Books, 2023), 2. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1340743269.

111        seemed to define a racist as an irrational and hateful person  Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/255/mode/2up, 256–265. Arun Kundnani, What is Antiracism? And Why It Means Anticapitalism (London: Verso, 2023), 30. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1358757604. Marhoefer, Racism and the Making of Gay Rights, 93. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1289927657.

111        “coloured races” were culturally and behaviorally inferior  Hirschfeld, Racism,   84–85. To read more about this view as part of Hirschfeld‘s broader theory of races, as also articulated in his other work, see Marhoefer, Racism and the Making of Gay Rights, 91–93. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1289927657.

111        “coloured races” were capable . . . “high civilization” of “Whites” Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/83/mode/2up, 84–85.

111        “that there are peoples and races at varying . . .” Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/115/mode/2up, 116.

112       looking upon Black people as “childlike”  Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/115/mode/2up, 116.

112       being called “gal” and “boy” “Black men regardless of social standing were addressed by their first names or called ‘boy,’ ‘nigger,’ or ‘niggra’ . . .[B]lack women were generally referred to as ‘auntie,’ ‘girl,’ or ‘gal,’ or by their first names.” “Racial Customs and Etiquette,” in Race and Racism in the United States: An Encyclopedia of the American Mosaic, Volume 3: N–T, eds. Charles A. Gallagher and Cameron D. Lippard (Santa Barbara, CA: Greenwood, 2014), 995. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1452736356.

112       Benedict popularized the term “racism” in the United States Kendi, Stamped from the Beginning, 347. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1340743269. Kundnani, What is Antiracism? And Why It Means Anticapitalism, 36. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/1358757604.

112       “I am convinced that in the next century millions . . .” The English translation of Hirschfeld’s Racism wrote the quote as: “I am convinced that, during the twentieth century, millions will slay one another because of a degree or two more or less in the cranial index.” See Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/35/mode/2up, 36. Ruth Benedict, Race: Science and Politics (New York: Modern Age Books, 1940), 3. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/14144550.

112       “prophet of the race war”  Hirschfeld, Racism, archive.org/details/Magnus-Hirschfeld-Racism/page/39/mode/2up, 39.

112       “pure race”  Benedict, Race: Science and Politics, 6. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/14144550.

112       “from contamination by that of lesser breeds . . .”  Benedict, Race: Science and Politics, 6–7. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/14144550.

112       “It has become a bedlam” Benedict, Race: Science and Politics, 7. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/14144550.

112       “an unproved assumption of the biological and perpetual . . .”  Benedict, Race: Science and Politics, v–vi. Find the library book at search.worldcat.org/title/14144550

112       “great and complex whole” of “Western civilization” with . . .  Ruth Benedict, Patterns of Culture (1935; London: Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1971), archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.184602/page/n1/mode/2up, 39.